Vietnam War, (1954-75), a protracted conflict that pitted the communist government of North Vietnam and its allies in South Vietnam, known as the Viet Cong, against the government of South Vietnam and its principal ally, the United States. [45] One example cited by Turse is Operation Speedy Express, an operation by the 9th Infantry Division, which was described by John Paul Vann as, in effect, "many My Lais". American soldiers and Vietnamese refugees returning to the town of Hue, in Vietnam. The vision of VVMF is to ensure a society in which all who have served and sacrificed in our nation's Armed Forces are properly honored and receive the recognition they justly deserve. Called the American War in Vietnam (or, in full, the War Against the Americans to Save the Nation), the war was also part of a larger regional conflict (see Indochina wars) and a manifestation of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial of Greater Rochester, which has found its home in Highland Park South, has been a place of great pride since its dedication on September 8, 1996. When the Wall was dedicated in 1982, there were 57,939 names inscribed. June 19, 1969 Jack Sweitzer and Tom McMullen (fat albert) were severly wounded by a recoilless rifle round that hit as we ate lunch. To obtain original copies of the records of this collection, contact the U.S. Department of Defense at: U.S. Department of Defense 1400 Defense Pentagon Washington, D.C. 20301-1400 703-571-3343 Rummel estimates 212,000 killed by Khmer Rouge (19671975), 60,000 killed by U.S. and 1,000 killed by South Vietnam (196773). In addition, at least 36,000 Southern civilians were executed for various reasons in the period 19671972. We are hoping for better photos of many of them.. For those and a handful of other unique circumstances, Doubek made his own list of men who had died due to the injuries in the combat zonesnames that may have been listed by an individual service branch, but not by DoD. In 1975 South Vietnam fell to a full-scale invasion by the North. Washington Navy Yard The Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C., lists more than 58,300 names of members of the U.S. armed forces who were killed or went missing in action. 1:50. [48] In December 1966, the Blue Dragon Brigade reportedly perpetrated the Bnh Ha massacre. Lins vision prevailed. The National Archives and Records Administration prepared these Vietnam War casualty lists by creating extracts from the military casualty data files in the Records of the Office of the Secretary of Defense (Record Group 330). Those totals include only Vietnamese deaths, and do not include American and other allied military deaths which amounted to about 64,000. Including 28 civilians, originally there were 52 missing civilians. It was compiled by Jay Ebert, and used Tom Holloway's original database files as a starting point. The Vietnamese newspaper Nhn Dn reported in 2012 that the U.S. government was providing $41 million to the project, which aimed to reduce the contamination level in 73,000 m of soil by late 2016. [2] The 2nd Marine Brigade reportedly perpetrated the Binh Tai Massacre on 9 October 1966. Researcher Seeks Help Finding Last Photos for Vietnam Wall of Faces Memorial, This Non-Profit Organization Works to Recover WWII MIAs Still Missing, Epitaph for a Hero: The Search for a WWII MIA Pilot, https://www.historynet.com/the-wall-of-faces-complete-vietnam-war/, Jerrie Mock: Record-Breaking American Female Pilot, Made in America: The M3 Tank Was Better Suited for the Pacific Theater, This Soviet Bomber was designed in a prison camp. [71] The official US Department of Defense figure was 950,765 communist forces killed in Vietnam from 1965 to 1974. It would also enable veterans to find groups of friends who died during the same incident. 31, 1973 See image 154; Register of Vietnam War casualties from Kentucky; Directory of United States prisoners of war and missing in action as a result of the Vietnam War Kinston, North Carolina : Last Firebase Veterans Archive Project . The names on the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, better known as the Wall, will no longer stand alone. The 'shameful gamesmanship' practiced by 'certain reporting elements' under pressure to 'produce results' also shrouded the process. [27] Estimates for the number of North Vietnamese civilian deaths resulting from US bombing range from 30,00065,000. In my report I described them as so many women between fifteen and twenty-five and so many childrenusually in their mothers' arms or very close to themand so many old people." [42] This might partially explain the discrepancies between recovered weapons and body-count figures, along with exaggeration, although the NVA and VC also went to great lengths to recover weapons from the battlefield. During one review, Doubek found a glitch with the computer software: it did not recognize the spaces that appeared within a last name, such as van der Meide. Nor could it properly discern a compounded first name, such as Billy Bob, versus a traditional first and middle name. The chronological order allows veterans who were in a battle to see their friends forever united on the Wall, he explained. Although the records may not be complete, the U.S. National Archives shows that 58,220 U.S. soldiers perished, and categorized the deaths as follows. "UCDP/Prio Armed Conflict Database", Uppsala University, sfn error: no target: CITEREFRummel1997 (. She received an award from the National Federation of Press Women in 2022 for her editing work on Vietnam Magazine. Even if a veterans family is gone, we still need to honor him, Hoehn had said in her interview. But you had stories of guys in the Air Force who would die in their aircraft over Thailand after having been shot over Vietnam. Technically, they were ineligible for inclusion on the Wall. Although the names are not listed alphabetically, it is not difficult for visitors to find a name on the Memorial. "It was the epitome of immoralityOne of the times I counted bodies after an air strikewhich always ended with two napalm bombs which would just fry everything that was leftI counted sixty-two bodies. Meanwhile, the Soviet Union and China poured weapons, supplies, and advisers into the North, which in turn provided support, political direction, and regular combat troops for the campaign in the South. Kennedy was assassinated in 1963, but his successor, Lyndon B. Johnson, continued the work that Kennedy had started. State Lists of U. S. Fatal Casualties of the Vietnam War Electronic Data Records Relating to Military Objectives and Activities During the Vietnam War Search Selected Vietnam War Electronic Records, through the Access to Archival Databases (AAD) Textual Records Relating to the Vietnam War The total number of officer casualties, commissioned and warrant, are 7,877. Democide is the murder of persons by or at the behest of governments. The Wall USA is a non-profit endeavor maintained by veterans of the 4th Battalion 9th Infantry Regiment for the benefit of all. 805 Kidder Breese Street, SE In reality, it is a collection of ideas, images, and information that enough people have chosen to preserve and disseminate. The National Archives has custody of U.S. Marine Corps command chronologies during the Vietnam era and some other records for Vietnam. Civilian deaths caused by both sides amounted to a significant percentage of total deaths. The casualty date is the date the person was killed or wounded in combat or injured during an accident; for the missing, the date is when the person was reported missing. The lists are based on the home of record state data provided by the serviceman or woman upon last entrance into military service. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Doubek contacted the National Personnel Records Center, Archives and Records Service, in St. Louis, Mo. The National Archives has custody of a wide assortment of both textual documents and electronic records related to the Vietnam conflict. Washington, DC 20374-5060, For records relating to U.S. national war policy, information may be found in, Vietnam War Casualty and POW/MIA Records Descriptions, Vietnam War Fatal Casualty Statistics (U. S. Armed Forces Personnel), State Lists of U. S. Fatal Casualties of the Vietnam War, Electronic Data Records Relating to Military Objectives and Activities During the Vietnam War, Search Selected Vietnam War Electronic Records, RG 472 United States Forces in Southeast Asia, 1950-1975, Office of Civil Operations and Rural Support (CORDS), Marine Corps Command Chronologies for the Vietnam War, Records Relating to American Prisoners of War and Missing in Action from the Vietnam War Era, 1960-1994, RG 335 Office of the Secretary of the Army, RG 341, Records of the U.S. Air Force Staff, RG 342, Records of U.S. Air Force Commands, Activities, and Organizations, RG 340, Records of the Office of the Secretary of the Navy, RG 27 Records of the Marine Corps - Command Chronologies (Entry UD-07D 1), RG 24 Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel, RG 218 Records of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, RG 330 Records of the Office of the Secretary of Defense. Vietnam War, (195475), a protracted conflict that pitted the communist government of North Vietnam and its allies in South Vietnam, known as the Viet Cong, against the government of South Vietnam and its principal ally, the United States. In some instances, names needed to be shuffled in order to fit on a line. This memorial was built with private contributions from the American people. These records were transferred into the custody of the National Archives and Records Administration in 2008. This is the genius of Mayas design, said Scruggs. Those designated by a plus sign were considered to be missing in action when the war ended. [53][54] A separate study was carried out by RAND Corporation employee Terry Rambo, who conducted interviews in 1970 on reported Korean atrocities in ARVN/civilian areas. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C., lists more than 58,300 names of members of the U.S. armed forces who were killed or went missing in action. The Coffelt Database of Vietnam War casualties has its roots in an effort begun by Richard Donham Coffelt. Political turbulence there and two alleged North Vietnamese attacks on U.S. naval vessels spurred Johnson to demand the passage of the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution in 1964. Subscribe to this website and receive notification each time a free genealogy resource is newly published. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial provides a searchable database of names included on the Memorial, as well as lists of casualties. LOUISVILLE, Ky. Two people were killed and four others injured in Louisville, Kentucky, when someone shot into a crowd at a park on Saturday evening, the city's second mass shooting of . With the glitch discovered, Doubek and his team located and hand-corrected each error. At the heart of the conflict was the desire of North Vietnam, which had defeated the French colonial administration of Vietnam in 1954, to unify the entire country under a single communist regime modeled after those of the Soviet Union and China. We worked very hard with volunteers from the Gold Star Mothers, recalled Doubek. The study came up with a most likely Vietnamese death toll of 882,000, which included 655,000 adult males (above 15 years of age), 143,000 adult females, and 84,000 children. But it was still missing this until now. By 1969 more than 500,000 U.S. military personnel were stationed in Vietnam. This approach would allow veterans, friends and family members to find a loved one by his or her date of casualty. The last 18 names listed on the bottom of Panel 1, West, also at the apex, are from May 15, 1975. VVMF does not have the authority to overrule those who adjudicate these matters. State-Level Lists of Fatal Casualties of the Korean War (6/28/1950 - 3/10/1954) and the Vietnam War (6/8/1956 - 5/28/2006) Korean War State-Level Fatal Casualty Lists sorted Alphabetically by Last Name Vietnam War State-Level Fatal Casualty Lists sorted Alphabetically by Last Name The list of names goes down panel 1 East, then to the right to line 1 of panel 2 East. Search and destroy was a term to describe operations aimed at flushing the Viet Cong out of hiding, while body count was the measuring stick for operation success and this resulted in exaggeration and listing civilian deaths as enemy KIA. The war lasted from 1955 to 1975 and most of the fighting took place in South Vietnam; accordingly it suffered the most casualties. This series contains records of U.S. military officers and soldiers who died as a result of either hostile or non-hostile occurrence or who were missing in action or prisoners of war in the Southeast Asian combat area during the Vietnam War, including casualties that occurred in Cambodia, China, Laos, North Vietnam, South Vietnam, and Thailand. For weeks and weeks, a team worked through the list, verifying spellings and ensuring that the computer printout that was to be used for the stenciling was correct. The Wall in Washington, DC has the names listed in the order of the date of death or when the person became missing. She is fluent in German and is a member of the U.K. Military Historical Society. The sum of those totals is 3,091,000 war deaths between 195575. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund is a 501(c)3 nonprofit organization. for records of U.S. Army casualties documenting the period 1961-1981. Calculating U.S. Additional records relating to the U.S. Army in Vietnam may be found in: The National Archives has received a limited number of records from the U.S. Air Force for the Vietnam War period. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. The Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War: A Political, Social, and Military History By Spencer C. Tucker ", Viet Cong and Peoples Army of Vietnam use of terror in the Vietnam War, Provisional Revolutionary Government of South Vietnam, United Nations High Commission for Refugees, Vietnamese Casualties During the American War: A New Estimate, "Fifty years of violent war deaths from Vietnam to Bosnia: analysis of data from the world health survey programme", "20 Years After Victory, Vietnamese Communists Ponder How to Celebrate", http://www.pcr.uu.se/research/ucdp/datasets/ucdp_prio_armed_conflict_dataset/, http://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a032189.pdf, Countering Terrorism and Insurgency in the 21st Century, Final Solutions: Mass Killing and Genocide in the 20th Century. The names are listed in chronological order, according to the date of casualty. History is a guide to navigation in perilous times. A 1975 US Senate subcommittee estimated around 1.4 million civilian casualties in South Vietnam because of the war, including 415,000 deaths. 20% of black males were combat soldiers, sailors, airmen and marines. [64] According to the Vietnamese government, from 1994 to 2012, 172,460 PAVN/VC bodies were found, including 15,989 in Cambodia, and 14,549 in Laos, and around 10,000 bodies were found from 2012 to 2015, reducing the number of MIA from 390,000 (1993) to 207,000 (2016). [20] About 130 American and 16,000 South Vietnamese POWs died in captivity. He further suggests that 222,000 civilians may have been counted as enemy military deaths by the U.S. in compiling its "body count" raising the total to 627,000 killed. The overwhelming majority of the MIA are from northern Vietnam. According to the United Nations High Commission for Refugees, between 200,000 and 400,000 boat people died at sea. [1] Vietnam emerged from the war as a potent military power within Southeast Asia, but its agriculture, business, and industry were disrupted, large parts of its countryside were scarred by bombs and defoliation and laced with land mines, and its cities and towns were heavily damaged. Johnson raised the number of South Vietnam deployments to 23,000 U.S. soldiers by the end of his first year in office. 2040 Broadway Street [18], R. J. Rummel estimated that PAVN/VC forces killed around 164,000 civilians in democide between 1954 and 1975 in South Vietnam, from a range of between 106,000 and 227,000, plus another 50,000 killed in North Vietnam. (The estimates for 195564 are much higher than other estimates). Count down from the top of the panel. [24] Benjamin Valentino estimates 110,000310,000 deaths as a "possible case" of "counter-guerrilla mass killings" by U.S. and South Vietnamese forces during the war. They seem honored to be putting the names on the Wall.. Deaths in Cambodia and Laos were estimated at 273,000 and 62,000 respectively. [105], Two major war memorials commemorating the dead of the, Deaths caused by the South Korean military, North Vietnamese and Viet Cong military casualties, Disproportion of African American casualties. The decades-long Wall of Faces project, meant to humanize the names on the iconic Vietnam War memorial, is now complete. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The government of Vietnam says that 4 million of its citizens were exposed to Agent Orange, and as many as 3 million have suffered illnesses because of it; these figures include the children of people who were exposed. [49] The Second Marine Brigade perpetrated the Phong Nh and Phong Nht massacre on 12 February 1968. If a person died or went missing in those areas, DoD considered that individual to be a combat zone casualty and eligible for inclusion on the Wall. The names of those who gave their lives and of those who remain missing are inscribed in the order they were taken from us. No estimate given for deaths caused by Viet Cong/North Vietnam (195475). In addition to more photos, the VVMF invites the public to share stories and memories on the online memorial to add to the legacy of fallen service members. [50][51] South Korean Marines reportedly perpetrated the H My massacre on 25 February 1968. Through the years, the memorial has matured and developed into a unique place of tranquility and honor. With this list in hand, he went to the various locations where individual service records were kept to review files. Long before the Vietnam conflict had ended, the "Huey" (its original Army designation was HU-1A, for Helicopter, Utility, Model 1A) was probably the most recognizable helicopter in the world. Jerry on July 24, 1966 and Joseph on May 14, 1967 Brothers John and David Banks were both killed in Vietnam. Among other countries that fought for South Vietnam on a smaller scale, South Korea suffered more than 4,000 dead, Thailand about 350, Australia more than 500, and New Zealand some three dozen. Under the cover of monsoon rains the Vietcong (VC) 409th Battalion attacked the 1st Battalion, 7th Marines at Firebase Ross with mortars and sappers . The Vietnam Veterans Memorial Wall USA website is dedicated to honoring those who died in the Vietnam War. In honor of the men and women of the armed forces of the United States who served in the Vietnam War. The decades-long Wall of Faces project, meant to humanize the names on the iconic Vietnam War memorial, is now complete. The Army as a branch had 134,982 killed or wounded (9.5 percent), but the Marines suffered 66,227 killed or wounded (22.5 percent) or almost one of every four Marines who served. 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