43. Full-Size. Two radiologic patterns were identified: le- sions contiguous with bone (n= 44) and lesions noncontiguous with bone (n= 28). Thereafter, the bone marrow is the primary site of hematopoiesis. When this type of tumor develops in the lungs, throat, or other organs, it is called an extramedullary plasmacytoma. MM can affect any organ; a total of 7 - 18% of patients with MM demonstrate extramedullary involvement at diagnosis. It is important to recognize the imaging findings of EPB because it may be the first manifestation of relapsed MM. A rare case of upper airway obstruction due to an extramedullary plasmacytoma of the larynx in a patient with long-standing IgD myeloma is presented. However, the extramedullary spread of MM cells, defined as extramedullary multiple myeloma (EMM), may occur at any time in the course of MM ().Patients with EMM have inferior outcomes (2, 3).Broadly speaking, there are two main types of EMM: plasmacytomas extending . Lesions in both categories were distributed variably throughout the body. Both new and relapsed cases carry a poor prognosis. Multiple extramedullary-bone related and/or extramedullary extraosseous are independent poor prognostic factors in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Zeiser R, Deschler B, Bertz H, Finke J, Engelhardt M. Extramedullary vs medullary relapse after autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in multiple myeloma (MM) and its correlation to clinical outcome. Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) accounts for 3% of myeloma cases and is usually localized in submucosal lymphoid tissue of nasopharyngeal and paranasal sinuses . Varettoni M, Corso A, Pica G, Mangiacavalli S, Pascutto C, et al. Non-secretory multiple myeloma (NSMM) is a rare variant that accounts for 1 - 5% of all cases of multiple myeloma. 2018 Oct;59(10):1551-1557. doi: 10.2967/jnumed.118.208744. Imaging Melphalan Therapy Response in Preclinical Extramedullary Multiple Myeloma with 18 F-FDOPA and 18 F-FDG PET J Nucl Med . Abstract Extramedullary multiple myeloma can develop in patients with multiple myeloma, at the time of relapse, especially in those treated with allogenic bone marrow transplant. Multiple myeloma (MM) involving the breast tissue is rare. Occasionally, there is extramedullary involvement and in rare cases it involves the central nervous system. The diagnosis is confirmed by a biopsy of the tissue from the extramedullary site showing restriction of immunoglobulin-producing cells. Non-secretory multiple myeloma (NSMM) is a rare variant that accounts for 1 - 5% of all cases of multiple myeloma. In this issue of Haematologica, Usmani et al. Active MM is defined by the presence of an M-protein in the serum or urine, plasma cell infiltration of the bone marrow (at least 10%), and the presence of related tissue or organ impairment. The Teaching Point: Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell disorder primarily involving bone marrow. Introduction. Wang B, Liu J, Zhao WH, Chen YX, Cao XM, Yang Y, et al. Aggressive myeloma invades the organs outside the bone marrow, lymph, or reticuloendothelial systems. Extraosseous multiple myeloma: imaging features. We describe the MR Imaging characteristics of the tumor and highlight the This review summarizes current knowledge about this clinical entity, including its history . Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant disease of plasma cells commonly associated with bone marrow plasmacytosis. (2010) Extramedullary MM represents an entity in which the clonal plasma cells have lost their dependence for growth on the bone marrow milieu [3]. EMD remains challenging from a therapeutic and biological perspective. Of 28 paraspinal-epidural le- How I treat extramedullary myeloma. Differential diagnosis included tumors (meningiomas, leukemia), subdural hematomas, and intracranial hemorrhages; the lesion . Until 20 weeks of prenatal life, blood-cell production occurs in the yolk sac and in the reticuloendothelial (RE) system. Introduction. RESULTS: The plasmacytomas predominantly involved the nasopharynx in two . MM can affect any organ; a total of 7 - 18% of patients with MM demonstrate extramedullary involvement at diagnosis. Soft tissue localization elsewhere is extremely uncommon . Extramedullary Plasmacytoma: Angiographic Findings Extramedullary Plasmacytoma: Angiographic Findings Sayre, Richard W.; Castellino, Ronald A. Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the breast is rare. The approach to suspected relapse of multiple myeloma should not rely solely on routine monitoring but it should include complex assessment including serum and urine tests, bone marrow assessment, and whole-body imaging. Rosinol et al. Lesions contiguous with bone were larger (p= 0.001; Student ttest). Multiple myeloma is a common hematologic malignancy among the elderly population. Histology showed a plasma cell neoplasm and subsequent staging investigations showed widespread extramedullary relapse of MM. While myeloma resides mainly within the bone marrow, EMD can be present at the time of initial diagnosis or at the time of disease relapse following treatment-induced remission. (2004) notes that extamedullary involvement by myeloma has been reported in 15-20% of patients at diagnosis, whilst in a further 15% during the course of the disease. Extramedullary Plasmacytoma. Imaging findings are nonspecific but are important to determine the tumour extension and to plan the biopsy. While many reports analyzing various aspects of EM have been published, mechanism of EM development has not been clarified yet. Involvement of the uterus by myeloma is an extremely rare manifestation of extramedullary multiple myeloma (MM), denoting a poor prognosis. Using sensitive imaging techniques including magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography/computed tomography, EMM may be found in up to 30% of MM patients across the overall disease course. An 85-year-old woman presented with a lump in her right breast 4 years after the complete remission of MM. Imaging melphalan therapy response in preclinical extramedullary multiple myeloma with 18 F-FDOPA and 18 F-FDG PET Deep K. Hathi, Elizabeth N. DeLassus, Samuel Achilefu , Jonathan McConathy, Monica Shokeen Extramedullary spread in multiple myeloma is not as rare as it is considered. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed three CT and two MR images of three histologically proved cases in two men and one woman aged 43-66 years. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEP) is rare. Content organisation. 8. Attention is drawn to the problem of acquiring adequate tissue for diagnostic . 2014). Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the breast (EPB), a manifestation of multiple myeloma (MM), is very rare. Using sensitive imaging techniques including magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography/computed tomography, EMM may be found in up to 30% of MM patients across the overall disease course. 2020;136(Supplement 1):15-17. Two radiologic patterns of extramedullary myeloma were recognized in our study: extraskeletal soft-tissue masses present close to the bone (contiguous extramedullary myeloma) ( n = 44) and soft-tissue masses distant from bone (noncontiguous extramedullary myeloma) ( n = 28). Extramedullary disease (EMD) occurs when myeloma cells form tumors outside the bone marrow in the soft tissues or organs of the body. A plasmacytoma is defined as any discrete, usually solitary mass of neoplastic plasma cells, either in the bone marrow or in various soft tissue sites.
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